Earlier surgeries can achieve short fusion and save more mobile segments. Posterior hemivertebra resection with transpedicular instrumentation is a safe and effective procedure in very young congenital scoliosis cases. Besides these, two additional surgeries (two cases) were performed to remove the instrumentation for pedicle elongation in the follow-up. There were three complications (two cases),one pedicle fractures, one rod breakages, and one additional surgery for curve progression. The spontaneous correction rates of the compensatory cranial curve and compensatory caudal curve were 65.7 and 66.9 %, respectively. There was a mean improvement rate of 83.6 % in the segmental scoliosis from 38.4° before surgery to 6.3° after operation and a mean improvement rate of 81.9 % in segmental kyphosis from 17.1° to 3.2° over the same time. Average follow-up period was 5.4 (3 to 11) years. The mean number of fused segments was 3.4, including 22 cases (56.4 %) with bisegmental fusion and 4 cases with mesh cage. The total number of hemivertebrae resected was 43, including one hemivertebra in 35 cases and two hemivertebrae in 4 cases. Clinical charts and radiographs of spine were retrospectively reviewed to record complications and outcomes postoperatively and at the latest follow-up. All the cases underwent posterior hemivertebra resection with transpedicular instrumentation. Methodsįrom January 2003 to January 2012, 39 consecutive cases of congenital scoliosis with hemivertebra were retrospectively investigated in our hospital, including 18 females and 21 males, aged from 21 to 65 months old (average 42.4 months). This is a clinical retrospective study to evaluate the complications and efficacy of posterior hemivertebra resection in very young cases. However, there were few articles in very young cases. There have been many reports on posterior hemivertebra resection.
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